Ludvig Abelin Schou (11 January 1838 – 30 September 1867) was a Danish painter of the late Romanticism period.

Schou was born in Slagelse 11 January 1838 and he graduated from the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in 1855. After graduating, he became a student of Wilhelm Marstrand and Niels Simonsen, who both were professors at the academy. In 1860, he won the academy's lesser silver medal and in 1861, the greater silver medal.

Schou traveled to the Netherlands and Belgium in 1860, to Rome 1864–1866, to Paris in 1866, to Rome 1866–67 and to Florence in 1867. His most ambitious work and one often described as his main work—Roman Workmen Transporting an Antique Imperial Statue from the Colosseum through the ...