In 1959, Toni Costa was the founder of the Gruppo N in Padua, the core of the programmed and kinetic Italian art, along with Alberto Biasi, Manfredo Massironi, Edoardo Landi and Ennio Chiggio. Their proposed art was free of definitions and tendencies which were associated with other artists. These works of art were a combination of painting, sculpture, architecture and ‘industrial’ objects.

For the main part, their work was created collectively. The first piece of art which Toni Costa took part in was Nessuno è invitato a intervenire in 1960. The title represented a provocative ‘anti-invitation’ which asked the spectator to not take part in the manifestation. In 1961, the artist once again ...