Alfred Mitchell, born in York, Pennsylvania, became a painter of Impressionism and Post-Impressionism who settled in San Diego in 1908. His plein-air paintings provide an historical record of the growth of San Diego in the early 20th century.

Mitchell was an adventurous young man, who, as a teenager, went West to Nevada during the Gold Rush where he prospected for gold and drove a coach. Then he went to Southern California, and in 1913, began training at the San Diego Academy of Art. This was the city's oldest art school, and it had been founded by Maurice Braun, who regarded Mitchell as one of his most important pupils. He encouraged Mitchell to return to his native state and study at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. Enrolling there in 1916, Mitchell studied with Joseph Pearson, and New Hope Impressionists Daniel Garber and Edward Redfield. With these influences, his style turned from Braun's 'feminine' Impressionism toward the Pennsylvania school's stronger brush work and strong color as well as clear light and strong outlines.

Mitchell returned to San Diego in the early 1920s and became a major influence in the art community. He was president of the San Diego Art Guild in 1922-23; he helped found the Laguna Beach Art Association; and in 1918, the La Jolla Art Association where he exhibited his works regularly. Along with Braun and other artists and sculptors, Mitchell formed the Associated Artists of San Diego in 1929, later changing the name to Contemporary Artists of San Diego, which as a group represented the strong professional art community that had developed there.

Because of its strong color and emotional undertones, much of Mitchell's art is categorized more as Post-Impressionistic, although his painting "Summer Hills" of 1929 is a fully Impressionist piece. Many Southern California landscapists of the 1920s composed ideal scenes within their studios, but Mitchell continually painted outdoors, "en plein air", within a radius of San Diego, and often included buildings in his paintings, thus creating a valuable record of the development of the area.

Source:
Nancy Dustin Wall Moure, "California Art: 450 Years of Painting & Other Media"
Edan Hughes, "Artists in California"
Peter Falk, "Who Was Who in American Art"

Very few people have the distinct privilege of being recognized as one of the most talented artists of their generation, while also being acknowledged as someone who fostered an entire art community for future generations. Yet Alfred R. Mitchell had claimed both titles. Much of his Impressionist work depicts the magnificent and rugged landscapes of the American West, filled with towering mountains and sprawling vegetation, giving an awe-inspiring vision of the land. Mitchell is also recognized today as one of the most prestigious founders of various San Diego art institutions and events, ensuring a legacy filled with success and creative contributions.

Alfred R. Mitchell was born on June 18, 1888 in York, Pennsylvania and was the son of Carrie Drake and George Washington Mitchell. From a young age he showed enormous potential with art, at first only working with clay he found along a brook to make sculptures when the family had temporarily lived in New Jersey. In 1903 the Mitchell family moved to Nevada hoping to chase the success that would spring up from the local gold rush by working in the hotel business. Between 1907 and 1908 the Mitchells relocated to San Diego, and opened a successful cafeteria aptly named “Mitchell’s”. When Mitchell was a teenager he left home and worked as a stagecoach driver and on the railroads in Nevada. It was during this time that he fell madly in love with the dramatic American landscape, which would take the center stage in most of his paintings. He returned to San Diego to work at the cafeteria for a few years and started to seriously consider a potential career in art.

In 1913 he began to study with local artist and influential Impressionist painter Maurice Braun. This tutelage was what inspired Mitchell's transition from sculpture to painting. After he received a silver medal in 1915 at the Panama-California Exposition, at Braun’s suggestion he entered the prestigious Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts to further refine his craft. It was here that his style changed noticeably, using stronger brushwork and bold colors, which was reflective of the Pennsylvania school’s teachings. While at the academy Mitchell was awarded the Cresson European Travel and Study Scholarship in 1920, which allowed him to travel to many European countries including France, Spain, Italy, and England to immerse himself in European art centers. Despite the fact that the influence of European academic art had little effect on him, the experience still left him with a broadened perspective on Impressionist styles. After serving in the U.S Army during World War I in 1918 to 1919, he completed his art training in 1921 and continued independently studying for the rest of his years. In 1920 Mitchell met his future wife Dorthea Webster Mitchell, a highly educated and outspoken progressive woman, who enrolled at Pomona College in 1912 and transferred to University of California Berkeley two years later, from where she graduated. After they married in 1922 Dorthea devoted her life to managing her husband's art career and made a name for herself as an authority on art in San Diego.

Mitchell was highly influential in establishing San Diego as a center for plein air Impressionist painting. He became an organized member of the La Jolla Art Association which began in 1918, where he was an annual exhibitor for more than forty years. He had even showcased a solo exhibition there in 1923. Later, he served as president of the La Jolla Art Association from 1951 to 1961. Additionally, in 1918 he co-founded the Laguna Beach Art Association which was active until 1935 and, at one point, included hundreds of members. He also served as president of the San Diego Art Guild from 1922-1923. Mitchell also helped to form the Associated Artists of San Diego in 1929, and served as the acting recording secretary of the group; in that same year, the group changed its name to the Contemporary Artists of San Diego. In 1933 Mitchell organized an annual outdoor Art Mart on the lawn of the San Diego Public Library in order to support local struggling artists during the Great Depression. Mitchell's niece Mary Sadler would write about the Art Mart, saying many artists were “pleased to sell a small painting for as little as five or ten dollars” (Sadler, Memoirs of Alfred R. Mitchell). By 1950 Mitchell was referred to as the “Dean of San Diego Artists," a title previously given to his mentor Maurice Braun. Mitchell even went as far as becoming a San Diego Museum of Art board of trustees member. He taught both private classes and publicly through San Diego City Schools, serving as a mentor for many younger artists. Later in life, he was confined to a nursing home after a series of strokes and passed away in November 1972 at the age eighty-four. Mitchell was survived by his wife who worked to preserve his legacy until her passing in 1985. They had no children.

Today Alfred Mitchell is remembered as being one of the foremost pioneers that helped to develop San Diego culture and art scene. His influence is felt not only through his grandiose landscapes, but through the establishment of prominent institutions that became crucial in defining the San Diego plein air movement, while also founding San Diego as an important cultural center in Southern California. His unwavering persistence as an artist, teacher, and organizer indeed made him worthy of the title “Dean of San Diego Artists".

Biography by Ethan Schloemer

Research sources:
“About Alfred Richard Mitchell.” AskArt.com, Accessed March 13, 2026. https://www.askart.com/bio/Alfred_Richard_Mitchell/5386/Alfred_Richard_Mitchell
“Art Colony: The Laguna Beach Art Association, 1918-1935.” Laguna Beach Art Museum. Accessed March 13, 2026. https://lagunaartmuseum.org/art-colony-the-laguna-beach-art-association-1918-1935 McClain, Molly. "Portrait of the Artist’s Wife: Dorothea Webster Mitchell, 1894-1985." The Journal of San Diego History 68, no. 3-4 (2022): 139.
McClain, Molly, "Home: Where the Art Was" (2023). History: Faculty Scholarship. 38.
https://digital.sandiego.edu/history_facpub/38
Mitchell Sadler, Mary. “Memoirs of Alfred R. Mitchell” The Journal of San Diego History 47, no. 3 (2001).
Petersen, Martin E. “Alfred R. Mitchell: Pioneer Artist in San Diego” The Journal of San Diego History 19, no. 4 (1973).
Petersen, Martin E. "Californians: Alfred R. Mitchell, 1888-1972." (1994): 25177429.
Petersen, Martin E. "Contemporary Artists of San Diego” The Journal of San Diego History 16, no. 4 (1970).

Alfred Mitchell was born in York, Pennsylvania in 1888, and moved to San Diego, California, in 1909, where he studied with Maurice Braun.

Mitchell continued his education at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Art. While in the East, Mitchell's palette brightened up considerably, and upon his return to San Diego he distinguished himself as an excellent colorist. Alfred Mitchell was a co-founder of the San Diego Art Guild, and a major figure in San Diego Plein Air painting.

Alfred Richard Mitchell was an adventurous young man, who, as a teenager, traveled from his native Pennsylvania to Nevada during the Gold Rush where he prospected for gold. He migrated to southern California, and in 1913, began training at the San Diego Academy of Art. This was the city’s oldest art school, having been founded by Maurice Braun, who regarded Mitchell as one of his most important pupils.

He encouraged Mitchell to return to his native state and study at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. Enrolling there in 1916, Mitchell was greatly influenced by New Hope impressionists Daniel Garber and Edward Redfield. His style turned from Braun’s French influenced impressionism towards the Pennsylvania school’s stronger brush work and bold color.

Mitchell returned to San Diego in the early 1920s and became a major influence in the art community. He was president of the San Diego Art Guild in 1922-23, and helped found the Laguna Beach Art Association and the La Jolla Art Association (both in 1918). Along with Braun and other artists and sculptors, Mitchell formed the Associated Artists of San Diego in 1929.