Aloïse Corbaz grew up in Lausanne, and showed an early interest in the world of opera. She took singing lessons. After a stay in Germany at the court of William II, she began to write religious texts and suffered from paranoia. Henceforth, she would spend her life in various psychiatric hospitals, where she wrote pamphlets and began to draw.

Aloïse painted on all available paper carriers or sewed craft paper. Aloïse is now considered one of the most important representatives of Art Brut movement.

Aloïse Corbaz, known simply as Aloïse, flourished in the 20th century. She was hospitalized in 1918 and became a resident of the Rosière asylum from 1920 until her death. Aloïse's artistic talent emerged in secret, but it gained recognition from the hospital director and her general practitioner starting in 1936. In 1947, Jean Dubuffet discovered her work and included her in his Art Brut collections, leading to international acclaim for her art over time.