German architect, sculptor, and stage designer. Architect, sculptor, stage designer as well as architectural and landscape painter (1834 Würzburg to 1902 Munich), initially trained for two years in the building trade under Carl Alexander von Heideloff in Nuremberg, moved to Munich in 1855 and switched to architectural painting, trained in parallel as a painter under Arthur von Ramberg, Albert Emil Kirchner and Carl Theodor von Piloty in Munich, influenced by Hans Makart, Gabriel von Max and Gisbert Flüggen, exhibited at the Munich Kunstverein from 1860, represented at the Glaspalast in Munich, studied architecture at the Munich Academy under Georg Friedrich Ziebland from 1864, travelled to Italy in 1868, subsequently created mainly Italian landscapes as a painter and was appointed court painter by King Ludwig II of Bavaria. He was appointed court painter by King Ludwig II of Bavaria and commissioned to paint rooms in the Munich Residence and Linderhof Palace, active in Munich