The calligraphy master Nasrollah Afjei received his first training from the Iranian calligraphers Hossein Mirkhani, Kimia Qalam and Aliakbar Kaveh, followed in the early 1960s by a course at the Iranian Calligraphers Association. He then dealt extensively with the techniques and materials of his subject. Influenced by the Naqqashi Khatt movement, which includes artists such as Charles Hossein Zenderoudi and Faramarz Pilaram, Afjei began working on calligraphic paintings, which he first exhibited in Tehran in 1972. Afjei understands calligraphy as a universal language, the understanding of which is not tied to reading, but to the emotional energy of abstraction, similar to the color field artists of the 1960s and 1970s. The repetition of...